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Carbon Intensity

CO2 emissions per kWh of electricity

What is it?

Carbon Intensity measures how much carbon dioxide (CO2) is emitted to produce one kilowatt-hour of electricity. It varies throughout the day based on the generation mix - lower when renewables are generating, higher when gas plants are running.

This metric is crucial for ESG reporting, carbon accounting, and timing energy consumption to minimize environmental impact.

Key Points

Unit

gCO2/kWh (grams of CO2 per kilowatt-hour)

Update Frequency

Every 30 minutes, with 48-hour forecasts

Source

National Grid ESO Carbon Intensity API

Typical Range

50-400 gCO2/kWh (UK average ~200)

Intensity Levels

Very Low: 0-50 gCO2/kWh

High renewable output (windy, sunny days)

Low: 50-100 gCO2/kWh

Good renewable contribution

Moderate: 100-200 gCO2/kWh

Mix of gas and renewables

High: 200-300 gCO2/kWh

Significant gas generation

Very High: 300+ gCO2/kWh

Low wind/solar, high demand periods

Use Cases

ESG Reporting

Calculate your organization's Scope 2 emissions by multiplying electricity consumption by the carbon intensity for each half-hour. Essential for CDP, TCFD, and annual reports.

Smart Scheduling

Shift flexible loads (EV charging, HVAC, industrial processes) to low-carbon periods. Our forecast API helps you plan 48 hours ahead.

PPA Additionality

Demonstrate the carbon impact of your PPA by comparing grid intensity with your contracted renewable source (near-zero for wind/solar).

API Endpoint

GET /uk/carbon/intensity/current

Returns current carbon intensity with index level and forecast.

{
  "data": [{
    "from": "2024-12-20T14:00Z",
    "to": "2024-12-20T14:30Z",
    "intensity": {
      "actual": 145,
      "forecast": 148,
      "index": "moderate"
    }
  }],
  "unit": "gCO2/kWh"
}

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