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Fuel Mix

Generation breakdown by source

What is it?

The Fuel Mix (or generation mix) shows what percentage of GB electricity comes from each source at any given time. It changes constantly based on weather, demand, and market conditions.

Understanding fuel mix is essential for ESG reporting, carbon calculations, and assessing grid decarbonization progress.

Key Points

Unit

Percentage (%) of total generation

Update Frequency

Every 5 minutes (real-time)

Source

National Grid ESO

Related

Carbon Intensity (derived from mix)

GB Fuel Sources

SourceTypical RangeNotes
Wind
20-50%Onshore and offshore combined
Gas (CCGT)
15-40%Combined cycle gas turbines
Nuclear
12-18%Baseload, fairly constant
Solar
0-15%Varies by time of day and season
Imports
5-12%From France, Netherlands, etc.
Biomass
4-8%Including Drax wood pellets
Hydro
1-3%Pumped storage and run-of-river
Coal
0-2%Now rarely used, backup only

Low Carbon vs Fossil

Low Carbon

  • Wind (zero emissions)
  • Solar (zero emissions)
  • Nuclear (zero emissions)
  • Hydro (zero emissions)
  • Biomass (carbon neutral*)

*Biomass carbon accounting is debated

Fossil Fuels

  • Gas CCGT (~400 gCO2/kWh)
  • Gas OCGT (~500 gCO2/kWh)
  • Coal (~900 gCO2/kWh)

Imports have mixed carbon intensity

Use Cases

ESG Dashboards

Display real-time and historical generation mix to show decarbonization progress. Calculate renewable percentage for sustainability reports.

Carbon Calculations

Fuel mix directly determines carbon intensity. When wind is high, carbon is low. Our API uses the official NESO carbon factors per fuel type.

Grid Monitoring

Track when renewables hit new records, or when the grid is stressed (high gas, low wind). Useful for trading and flexibility dispatch.

API Endpoint

GET /uk/carbon/fuelmix/current

Returns current generation percentages by fuel type.

{
  "data": [{
    "from": "2024-12-20T14:00Z",
    "to": "2024-12-20T14:30Z",
    "generationmix": [
      { "fuel": "wind", "perc": 35.2 },
      { "fuel": "gas", "perc": 28.5 },
      { "fuel": "nuclear", "perc": 15.1 },
      { "fuel": "solar", "perc": 8.3 },
      { "fuel": "imports", "perc": 6.8 },
      { "fuel": "biomass", "perc": 4.2 },
      { "fuel": "hydro", "perc": 1.5 },
      { "fuel": "coal", "perc": 0.4 }
    ]
  }]
}

Related Terms